Upconversion nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a substantial concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity associated with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various aspects

Lithium cobalt oxide materials, denoted as LiCoO2, is a well-known chemical compound. It possesses a fascinating arrangement that facilitates its exceptional properties. This hexagonal oxide exhibits a outstanding lithium ion conductivity, making it an perfect candidate for applications in rechargeable batteries. Its chemical stability under variou